La institucionalización de la migración laboral en Israel

Rebeca Raijman; Adriana Kemp

doi:10.3989/arbor.2016.777n1005

Autores/as

Rebeca Raijman University of Haifa
Adriana Kemp Tel-Aviv University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2016.777n1005

Palabras clave:

Israel, Inmigración laboral, agencias de reclutamiento, “binding system”, deportación

Resumen

El artículo se centra en el proceso de institucionalización del fenómeno de migraciones laborales en Israel. El análisis describe las formas a través de las cuales las regulaciones del estado crearon las condiciones para el surgimiento de una fuerza de trabajo precaria y flexible de extranjeros en el mercado laboral Israelí. Cuatro dimensiones del proceso de institucionalización son analizadas: (1) la fijación de cuotas, otorgamiento de permisos de trabajo y subsidios, (2) el sistema de empleo que regula las relaciones laborales llamado binding, (3) la creación de una infraestructura de agencias de reclutamiento que se benefician de la comodificación del trabajo a través del cobro de tarifas ilegales a los inmigrantes, (4) la implementación del sistema de deportaciones como mecanismo de control y castigo hacia los trabajadores que no respetan las condiciones del contrato.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Anderson, B. (2010). Migration, Immigration Controls and the fashioning of Precarious Workers. Work, Employment and Society, 24, 2, pp. 300-317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017010362141

Bartram, D. (1998). Foreign Workers in Israel: History and Theory. International Migration Review, 32, pp. 303-325. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2547185 PMid:12293594

Bar Zuri, R. (2005). Chinese Workers Employed in Israel without Work Permits. Jerusalem: The Ministry of Industry, Employment and Commerce.

Bar Zuri, R. (2009). Undocumented Foreign Workers who were deported from Israel in 2008 [on line]. Available from http://www.tamas.gov.il/NR/ rdonlyres/10E53F4E-D8D0-41B2-B192- 5E40BBE100D8/0/zarim2008.pdf

Castles, S. and Miller, M. (1993). The Age of Migration: International Population Movements in the Modern World. New York: Guilford.

Central Bureau of Statistics. (2010). Press Release. 27.7.2010.

Cornelius, W. A., Martin, P. L and Hollifield, J. F. (eds.). (1992). Introduction: The Ambivalent Quest for Immigration Control. Controlling Immigration: A Global Perspective. Stanford: Stanford University Press, pp. 3-42.

De Genova, N. (2002) Migrant ";Illegality"; and Deportability in Everyday Life. Annual Review of Anthropology, 31, pp. 419-447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.anthro.31.040402.085432

Fisher, H. (1999). Foreign workers: Report situation, legal framework and public policy. In Nathanson, R. and Achdut, L. (eds.). The New workers. Wage earners from foreign countries in Israel. Tel Aviv: Hakbbutz Hamehuchad, pp. 13-40. PMCid:PMC1730454

Gill, A. and Dahan, Y. (2006). Between Neo- Liberalism and Ethno-Nationalism: Theory, Policy, and Law in the Deportation of Migrant Workers in Israel. Law and Government in Israel, 10, 1, pp. 347- 386. [In Hebrew].

Kemp, A., Raijman, R., Resnik, J. and Schammah-Gesser, S. (2000). Contesting the Limits of Political Participation: Latinos and Black African Migrant Workers in Israel. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 23, 1, pp. 94-119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/014198700329141

Kemp, A. and Raijman, R. (2008). 'Workers' and 'Foreigners': The Political Economy of Labor Migration in Israel. Jerusalem: Van-Leer Institute and Kibbutz Hamehuhad. [In Hebrew].

Kemp, A. and Raijman, R. (2014). Bringing in State Regulations, Private Brokers, and Local Employers: A Meso?Level Analysis of Labor Trafficking in Israel. International Migration Review, 48, 3, pp. 604-642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imre.12109

Massey, D. S., Arango, J., Hugo, G., Kouaouci, A. Pellegrino, A. and Taylor, J. E. (1998). Worlds in Motion: Understanding International Migration at the End of the Millenium. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Natan, G. (2011). Handling the Issue of Collecting Illegal Recruitment Fees from Foreign Workers. Jerusalem: The Knesset Information and Research Center. [In Hebrew]. Available from http:// www.knesset.gov.il/mmm/data/pdf/ m02210.pdf

Ofir, Y. H. Daskal, N. Dror, B. S. Holtzman, O., Hirshfeld, and Salomon, H. 2001. Foreign Workers in the Nursing Care Sector. Discussion Paper 7.01. Jerusalem: Ministry of Labour and Welfare, Manpower Programming Authority.

Pilovsky, L. (1999). Present Absentees: The Analysis of the functioning of manpower agencies for labor migrants' recruitment, and the relationship between them and the authorities. In Nathanson, R. and Achdut, L. (eds.). The New workers. Wage earners from foreign countries in Israel. Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hamehuchad, pp. 41-89.

Raijman, R., Semyonov, M. and Schmidt, P. (2003). Do Foreigners Deserve Rights? Public Views towards Labor Migrants in Germany and Israel. European Sociological Review, 19, pp. 379-392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/esr/19.4.379

Raijman, R. and Kemp, A. (2007) Labor migration, managing the ethno-national conflict, and client politics in Israel. In Willen, S. (ed.). Transnational migration to Israel in global comparative context. Lanham, Maryland: Lexington Books, pp. 31-50.

Raijman, R. and Kushnirovich, N. (2012). Labor Migrant Recruitment Practices in Israel. Final Report. Ruppin Academic Center and Center for International Migration and Integration CIMI [On line]. Available from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236000371_Labor_Migrant_Recruitment_Practices_ in_Israel_FINAL_REPORT

Raijman, R. and Kushnirovich, N. (2015). Recruitment of Migrant Workers in Agriculture and Construction in Israel: the Impact of Bilateral Agreements. Final Report. Ruppin Academic Center and Center for International Migration and Integration CIMI. [On line]. Available from http://www.justice.gov.il/ En/Units/Trafficking/MainDocs/impact-bilateral%20agreements.pdf

Sassen, S. (1988). The Mobility of Labor and Capital: A Study in International Investment and Labor Flow. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511598296

Sassen, S. (1999). Guests and Aliens. New York: New York Press.

Semyonov, M. and Lewin-Epstein, N. (1987). Hewers of Wood and Drawers of Water: Noncitizen Arabs in the Israeli Labor Market. New York: ILR Press.

Sinai, R. (2004). Foreigners are arrested so as to give up their friends. Haaretz, 16.2.2004, A1 and A11.

Sinai, R. (2005). After two and half years, it is much harder for the Immigration Police to find people to deport. Haaretz, 3.2.05, A1 and A5.

Sitbon, O. (2006). The role of courts in Israel and France in designing the policy on migrant workers. Law and Government in Israel, 10, 1, pp. 273-346. [In Hebrew].

State Comptroller. (2010). Annual Report. Jerusalem.

U.S. Department of State. (2006). Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection. Act of 2000: Trafficking in Persons Report. http://www.state.gov/g/tip/rls/ tiprpt/2006/

State Comptroller (2010). Annual Report of the State Comptroller, 61. Available from http://old.mevaker.gov.il/serve/ site/english/epublic.asp

Yanay, U. and Borowosky, A. (1998). Foreign workers in Israel: Rights and access to welfare services. Social Security, 53, pp. 59-78. [In Hebrew].

Walia, H. (2010). Transient Servitude: Migrant Labour in Canada and the Apartheid of Citizenship. Race&Class, 52, 1, pp. 71-84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306396810371766

Wurgaft, N. (2004). Goodbye and thank you for the humiliation. Haaretz, 5.4.2004, B9.