The origins of radio broadcasting and the research models of radio discourse
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2024.812.2696Keywords:
radio theory, epistemology, interdisciplinarity, radio programming, qualitative and quantitative analysisAbstract
The categorization of radio discourse is determined by the structural models upon which the first chapter of the history of broadcasting was built. This chapter ended after WWII with the irruption of television and the immediate restructuring of the media system. The strategies legitimizing radio programming, and the pragmatic bond this new cultural domain aspired to create, are essential in assessing the disciplinary map in which the foundation of radio theory is set. When formulating different theoretical and methodological approaches, the regulatory policies as well as the business models of radio’s economy and its political and cultural function are critical. The «administrative» research done in North America built a quantitative analysis model of broadcasting that was essential for the development of audience measurement in analogue media and which enabled the first methods for an analysis of like/dislike, key in the television sector, first, and in digital audiovisual platforms and social networks later. Quantitative analysis still relies on the traditional methods of analogue audience measurement, while the unstoppable rise of digital radio continues, transforming that uncertain measurement into an automatic online log. The questions raised by a qualitative analysis developed during dark times, in both Europe and the United States, remain valid today. The process of digitalizing broadcasting, completed in the case of television and uncompleted in the case of radio, the rise of podcasts and the proliferation of streaming services reintroduce a controversy that started almost a century ago.
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