De la gestión de crisis a la crisis de gestión: responsabilidad y democracias liberales en el estallido de la pandemia de la COVID-19

Autores/as

  • Branislav Radeljić Facultad de Derecho y Relaciones Internacionales. Universidad Antonio de Nebrija
  • Carlos González-Villa Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales (Toledo). Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2024.811.002

Palabras clave:

COVID-19, gobiernos, democracia, responsabilidad, rendición de Cuentas

Resumen


El estallido de la pandemia de la COVID-19 conmocionó a las sociedades de todo el mundo. En su esfuerzo por adaptar sus respuestas a la crisis a sus propias condiciones de supervivencia, los gobiernos tendieron desde el principio a recurrir a argumentos que limitaban la rendición de cuentas frente a la población. Las democracias liberales no fueron ajenas a esta forma de abordar el problema. En ese contexto, sus dirigentes esgrimieron la metáfora de la guerra para describir su posición como garantes de la supervivencia de la población frente a la nueva amenaza. Atenazados entre la incertidumbre y la necesidad de predecir la naturaleza y la evolución del enemigo invisible, sus respuestas pusieron en entredicho la responsabilidad política, profesional y personal de los dirigentes. En este artículo se ofrece una reflexión sobre el nivel de responsabilidad de los gobiernos de las democracias liberales en la gestión de la pandemia. Durante la crisis, los decisores tendieron a dejarse llevar por las narrativas que les resultaban más beneficiosas para escabullirse de sus responsabilidades, apuntalando así sus necesidades políticas a corto plazo a través del uso de metáforas belicistas, el juego de culpas, la competición con otros países y la dispersión de las fuentes en el proceso de toma de decisiones. Esta realidad supone hoy un llamado a la reflexión a los actores sociales, incluidos los expertos, intelectuales y medios de comunicación, para trascender la retórica predominante en la gestión de la pandemia y la "nueva normalidad" que le siguió, de manera que la dinámica de alteraciones constantes de las reglas del juego y las responsabilidades pueda dar paso, en el futuro, a un escenario con menos arbitrariedad y más rendición de cuentas.

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Publicado

2024-09-30

Cómo citar

Radeljić, B., & González-Villa, C. . (2024). De la gestión de crisis a la crisis de gestión: responsabilidad y democracias liberales en el estallido de la pandemia de la COVID-19. Arbor, 200(811), e002. https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2024.811.002

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