El cáncer hereditario en mujeres

Autores/as

  • Rafael Morales Chamorro Hospital de Alcázar de San Juan
  • Isabel Chirivella González Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia
  • Gemma Llort Pursals Corporació Sanitaria Parc Taulí
  • Ana Beatriz Sánchez Heras Hospital General Universitario de Elche
  • Raquel Serrano Blanch Hospital Reina Sofía
  • Alexandre Teule Vega Hospital Duran i Reynals
  • Carmen Guillén Ponce Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal
  • Begoña Graña Suárez Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2015.773n3008

Palabras clave:

BRCA1, BRCA2, cáncer colorrectal, cáncer de endometrio, cáncer hereditario, cáncer de mama, cáncer de ovario, consejo genético, genes reparadores, síndrome de Lynch

Resumen


La mayoría de los casos de cáncer son esporádicos, entre un 20-30% presentan agregación familiar, mientras que solo el 5 -10% son de carácter hereditario. Las familias e individuos en los que se sospecha que padecen cáncer hereditario deben someterse a un proceso de asesoramiento genético, que es de gran importancia para la prevención y detección temprana de tumores malignos. Los síndromes más frecuentes de cáncer hereditario son el síndrome de mama-ovario hereditario, la poliposis adenomatosa familiar y el síndrome de Lynch. El diagnóstico genético facilita realizar una estimación de los riesgos de desarrollar diferentes cánceres, permitiendo tomar decisiones de vigilancia y preventivas que reducen estos riesgos. El objetivo final es reducir la mortalidad por cáncer mediante el diagnóstico precoz y la prevención.

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Citas

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Publicado

2015-06-30

Cómo citar

Morales Chamorro, R., Chirivella González, I., Llort Pursals, G., Sánchez Heras, A. B., Serrano Blanch, R., Teule Vega, A., Guillén Ponce, C., & Graña Suárez, B. (2015). El cáncer hereditario en mujeres. Arbor, 191(773), a238. https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2015.773n3008

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