Hereditary cancer in women
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2015.773n3008Keywords:
BRCA1, BRCA2, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, genetic counsel, hereditary cancer, Lynch syndrome, ovarian cancer, repair genesAbstract
Most cases of cancer are sporadic, whereas 5-10% are hereditary and about 20-30% of cancers tend to cluster in families. Families and individuals who are suspected of suffering from hereditary cancer need to undergo a process known as genetic counseling, which is of considerable importance in the prevention and early detection of malignant tumours. The most common hereditary cancer syndromes are: hereditary breast-ovarian cancer syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis and Lynch syndrome. Genetic diagnosis allows clinicians to estimate the risks of developing different cancers in order to make decisions over surveillance and prophylactic surgery to reduce these risks. The ultimate goal is to reduce cancer mortality through early diagnosis and prevention.
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