Bacteriófagos y endolisinas en la industria alimentaria

Diana Gutiérrez Fernández; Lucía Fernández Llamas; Ana Rodríguez González; Pilar García Suárez

doi:10.3989/arbor.2020.795n1008

Autores/as

Diana Gutiérrez Fernández Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0473-1447
Lucía Fernández Llamas Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7383-7595
Ana Rodríguez González Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1577-9905
Pilar García Suárez Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1213-8165

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2020.795n1008

Palabras clave:

bacteriófago, endolisina, antimicrobiano, resistencia antimicrobiana, bacteria patógena, sostenibilidad

Resumen

La obtención de alimentos sanos y seguros requiere de técnicas de conservación inocuas para el consumidor y para el medio ambiente, entre las que se destaca la bioconservación. A su catálogo de compuestos naturales o microorganismos, utilizados de forma habitual, la bioconservación ha incorporado recientemente los bacteriófagos (fagos) y las proteínas fágicas con actividad lítica (endolisinas). La utilización de fagos y endolisinas en el biocontrol ofrece importantes ventajas frente a otros sistemas de conservación tradicionales. Entre dichas ventajas destacan su inocuidad, especificidad y versatilidad. Por otra parte, la acuciante necesidad de reducir el uso de antibióticos en la cadena alimentaria ha impulsado la investigación basada en estos antimicrobianos con el fin de aplicarlos en producción primaria (terapia fágica). Sin embargo, y a pesar de la gran eficacia ya demostrada en múltiples sectores, la falta de legislación de la Unión Europea sobre el uso de bacteriófagos junto con la necesidad de ser aceptados por los consumidores, son factores que están afectando negativamente a su implantación como bioconservantes. En este contexto, este artículo recoge los últimos resultados relacionados con este tipo de antimicrobianos en la industria agro-alimentaria, y resume los puntos clave para entender las posibilidades reales de su aplicación ante los nuevos requisitos asociados con una producción sostenible tanto desde una perspectiva económica como ambiental

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Ackermann, H. W. (2007). 5500 Phages examined in the electron microscope. Archives of Virology, 152, pp. 227-243. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-006-0849-1 PMid:17051420

Bigwood, T., Hudson, J. A., Billington, C., Carey-Smith, G. V. y Heinemann, J. A. (2008). Phage inactivation of foodborne pathogens on cooked and raw meat. Food Microbiolology, 25, pp. 400-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2007.11.003 PMid:18206783

Bore, E., Hebraud, M., Chafsey, I., Chambon, C., Skjaeret, C., Moen, B. y Langsrud, S. (2007). Adapted tolerance to benzalkonium chloride in Escherichia coli K-12 studied by transcriptome and proteome analyses. Microbiology 153, pp. 935-946. https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.29288-0 PMid:17379704

Briers, Y. y Lavigne, R. (2015). Breaking barriers: expansion of the use of endolysins as novel antibacterials against Gram-negative bacteria. Future Microbiology, 10, pp. 377-390. https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb.15.8 PMid:25812461

Bruttin, A. y Brussow, H. (2005). Human volunteers receiving Escherichia coli phage T4 orally: a safety test of phage therapy. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 49, pp. 2874-2878. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.49.7.2874-2878.2005 PMid:15980363 PMCid:PMC1168693

Brüssow, H. y Kutter, E. (2005). Phage ecology. En: Kutter, E. y Sulakvelidze, A. (eds.). Bacteriophages: Biology and Application. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, pp. 129-164. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203491751.ch6

Carvalho, C., Costa, A. R., Silva, F. y Oliveira, A. (2017). Bacteriophages and their derivatives for the treatment and control of food-producing animal infections. Critical Reviews in Microbiology, 43, pp. 583-601. https://doi.org/10.1080/1040841X.2016.1271309 PMid:28071145

Catalao, M. J., Gil, F., Moniz-Pereira, J., Sao- Jose, C. y Pimentel, M. (2013). Diversity in bacterial lysis systems: bacteriophages show the way. FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 37, pp. 554-571. https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6976.12006 PMid:23043507

Donovan, D. M., Lardeo, M. y Foster- Frey, J. (2006). Lysis of staphylococcal mastitis pathogens by bacteriophage phi11 endolysin. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 265, pp. 133-139. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00483.x PMid:17054440

European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Contro (EFSA and ECDC) (2017). The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2016. EFSA Journal, 15 (12), e05077. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2017.5077 PMid:32625371

Endersen, L., O'Mahony, J., Hill, C., Ross, R. P., McAuliffe, O. y Coffey, A. (2014). Phage therapy in the food industry. Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, 5, pp. 327-349. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-030713-092415 PMid:24422588

Fan, J., Zeng, Z., Mai, K., Yang, Y., Feng, J., Bai, Y., Sun, B., Xie, Q., Tong, Y. y Ma, J. (2016). Preliminary treatment of bovine mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus, with trx-SA1, recombinant endolysin of S. aureus bacteriophage IME-SA1. Veterinary Microbiology, 191, pp. 65-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.06.001 PMid:27374909

Fischetti, V. A. (2008). Bacteriophage lysins as effective antibacterials. Current Opinion in Microbiology, 11, pp. 393-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2008.09.012 PMid:18824123 PMCid:PMC2597892

Gaeng, S., Scherer, S., Neve, H. y Loessner, M. J. (2000). Gene cloning and expression and secretion of Listeria monocytogenes bacteriophage-lytic enzymes in Lactococcus lactis. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 66, pp. 2951-2958. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.66.7.2951-2958.2000 PMid:10877791 PMCid:PMC92096

Gómez-Torres, N., Ávila, M., Narbad, A., Mayer, M. J. y Garde, S. (2019). Use of fluorescent CTP1L endolysin cell wall-binding domain to study the evolution of Clostridium tyrobutyricum during cheese ripening. Food Microbiology, 78, pp. 11-17 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2018.09.018 PMid:30497591

Gómez-Torres, N., Dunne, M., Garde, S., Meijers, R., Narbad, A., Ávila, M. y Mayer, M. J. (2018). Development of a specific fluorescent phage endolysin for in situ detection of Clostridium species associated with cheese spoilage. Microbial Biotechnology, 11, pp. 332-345. https://doi.org/10.1111/1751-7915.12883 PMid:29160025 PMCid:PMC5812242

Gutiérrez, D., Rodríguez-Rubio, L., Martínez, B., Rodríguez, A. y García, P. (2016). Bacteriophages as weapons against bacterial biofilms in the food industry. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7, 825. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00825

Hagens, S. y Loessner, M. J. (2007). Application of bacteriophages for detection and control of foodborne pathogens. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 76, pp. 513-519. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-007-1031-8 PMid:17554535

Ibarra-Sánchez, L. A., Van Tassell, M. L. y Miller, M. J. (2018). Antimicrobial behavior of phage endolysin PlyP100 and its synergy with nisin to control Listeria monocytogenes in Queso Fresco. Food Microbiology, 72, pp. 128-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2017.11.013 PMid:29407389

Kretzer, J. W., Schmelcher, M. y Loessner, M. J. (2018). Ultrasensitive and fast diagnostics of viable Listeria cells by CBD magnetic separation combined with A511: luxAB detection. Viruses, 10 (11), 626. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10110626 PMid:30428537 PMCid:PMC6266503

Kutter, E., De Vos, D., Gvasalia, G., Alavidze, Z., Gogokhia, L., Kuhl, S. y Abedon, S. T. (2010). Phage therapy in clinical practice: treatment of human infections. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 11, pp. 69-86. https://doi.org/10.2174/138920110790725401 PMid:20214609

Kutter, E. M., Kuhl, S. J. y Abedon, S. T. (2015). Re-establishing a place for phage therapy in western medicine. Future Microbiology, 10, pp. 685-688. https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb.15.28 PMid:26000644

Loessner, M. J. (2005). Bacteriophage endolysins--current state of research and applications. Current Opinion in Micro biology, 8, pp. 480-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mib.2005.06.002 PMid:15979390

López, R., García, E., García, P. y García, J. L. (1997). The pneumococcal cell wall degrading enzymes: a modular design to create new lysins? Microbial Drug Resistance, 3, pp. 199-211. https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.1997.3.199 PMid:9185148

Manrique, P., Dills, M. y Young, M. J. (2017). The human gut phage community and its implications for health and disease. Viruses, 9 (6), 141. https://doi.org/10.3390/v9060141 PMid:28594392 PMCid:PMC5490818

Misiou, O., van Nassau, T. J., Lenz, C. A. y Vogel, R. F. (2018). The preservation of Listeria-critical foods by a combination of endolysin and high hydrostatic pressure. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 266, pp. 355-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2017.10.004 PMid:29074196

Moye, Z. D., Woolston, J. y Sulakvelidze, A. (2018). Bacteriophage applications for food production and processing. Viruses, 10 (4), 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/v10040205 PMid:29671810 PMCid:PMC5923499

Obeso, J. M., Martínez, B., Rodríguez, A. y García, P. (2008). Lytic activity of the recombinant staphylococcal bacteriophage PhiH5 endolysin active against Staphylococcus aureus in milk. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 128, pp. 212-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.08.010 PMid:18809219

Richter, L., Janczuk-Richter, M., Niedziolka-Jonsson, J., Paczesny, J. y Holyst, R. (2018). Recent advances in bacteriophage-based methods for bacteria detection. Drug Discovery Today, 23, pp. 448-455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2017.11.007 PMid:29158194

Rodríguez-Rubio, L., Gutiérrez, D., Martínez, B., Rodríguez, A. y García, P. (2012). Lytic activity of LysH5 endolysin secreted by Lactococcus lactis using the secretion signal sequence of bacteriocin Lcn972. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 78, pp. 3469-3472. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00018-12 PMid:22344638 PMCid:PMC3346474

Rodríguez-Rubio, L., Martínez, B., Donovan, D. M., García, P. y Rodríguez, A. (2013). Potential of the virion-associated peptidoglycan hydrolase HydH5 and its derivative fusion proteins in milk biopreservation. PLoS One, 8, e54828. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054828 PMid:23359813 PMCid:PMC3554637

Rodríguez-Rubio, L., Martínez, B., Rodríguez, A., Donovan, D. M., Gotz, F. y García, P. (2013). The phage lytic proteins from the Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage vB_SauS-phiIPLA88 display multiple active catalytic domains and do not trigger staphylococcal resistance. PLoS One, 8, e64671. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064671 PMid:23724076 PMCid:PMC3665550

Sao-Jose, C., Parreira, R., Vieira, G. y Santos, M. A. (2000). The N-terminal region of the Oenococcus oeni bacteriophage fOg44 lysin behaves as a bona fide signal peptide in Escherichia coli and as a cis-inhibitory element, preventing lytic activity on oenococcal cells. Journal of Bacteriology, 182, pp. 5823-5831. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.182.20.5823-5831.2000 PMid:11004183 PMCid:PMC94706

Sarker, S. A., McCallin, S., Barretto, C., Berger, B., Pittet, A. C., Sultana, S., Krause, L., Huq, S., Bibiloni, R., Bruttin, A., Reuteler, G. y Brussow, H. (2012). Oral T4-like phage cocktail application to healthy adult volunteers from Bangladesh. Virology, 434, pp. 222-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2012.09.002 PMid:23102968

Schmelcher, M., Donovan, D. M. y Loessner, M. J. (2012). Bacteriophage endolysins as novel antimicrobials. Future Microbiology, 7, pp. 1147-1171. https://doi.org/10.2217/fmb.12.97 PMid:23030422 PMCid:PMC3563964

Scholte, C. M., Nelson, D. C., Garcia, M., Linden, S. B., Elsasser, T. H., Kahl, S., Qu, Y. y Moyes, K. M. (2018). Short communication: Recombinant bacteriophage endolysin PlyC is nontoxic and does not alter blood neutrophil oxidative response in lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 101, pp. 6419-6423. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13908 PMid:29729914

Schuch, R., Nelson, D. y Fischetti, V. A. (2002). A bacteriolytic agent that detects and kills Bacillus anthracis. Nature, 418, pp. 884-889. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01026 PMid:12192412

Sulakvelidze, A. (2013). Using lytic bacteriophages to eliminate or significantly reduce contamination of food by foodborne bacterial pathogens. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 93, pp. 3137-3146. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6222 PMid:23670852

Sulakvelidze, A. y Kutter, E. (2005). Bacteriophage therapy in humans. En: Kutter, E. y Sulakvelidze, A. (eds.). Bacteriophages: biology and application. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, pp. 381-436. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203491751.ch14 PMid:14715765 PMCid:PMC321703

Recursos en línea

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet): FoodNet 2015 Annual Foodborne Illness Surveillance Report. [En línea]. Disponible en https://www.cdc.gov/foodnet/reports/annual-reports-2015.html