De metáforas <i>durmientes, endurecidas y nómades</i>: un enfoque lingüistico de las metáforas en la comunicación de la ciencia

Guiomar Elena Ciapuscio

doi:10.3989/arbor.2011.747n1010

Authors

Guiomar Elena Ciapuscio Universidad de Buenos Aires. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2011.747n1010

Keywords:

Metaphors, science communication, linguistics of science.

Abstract

After the seminal works of Lakoff and Johnson (1991, 1999), linguists and philosophers concurred that the use of metaphors is widespread in everyday communication. However, it is also common knowledge that its occurrence and impact on scientific texts have long been controversial topics. Only recently, specialists have begun to focus on describing and explaining the nature and functions of metaphors in scientific communication. This paper provides arguments in order to support the relevance and suitability of a linguistic approach in this field of research. My corpus is based on texts from various disciplines and discursive genres, where I examine and explain the frequent and multifunctional nature of metaphors in the different scenarios analyzed, and their value as a strategy of recontextualization.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Antos, G. (1982): Grundlagen einer Theorie des Formulierens, Tübingen: Niemeyer. doi:10.1515/9783111371078

Black, Max (1962): Models and Metaphors, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.

Boyd, Richard (1993): “Metaphor and theory change. What is ‘metaphor’ a metaphor for?”, en Ortony, Andrew (ed.), Metaphor and Thought, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 481-533.

Brünner, Gisela y Elisabeth Gülich (2002): “Verfahren der Veranschaulichung in der Experten-Laien-Kommunikation”, en Brünner, Gisela y Elisabeth Gülich, Sprechen über Krankheiten, Bielefeld: Aisthesis Verlag, pp. 17-94.

Ciapuscio, Guiomar (2001): “Procesos y recursos de producción textual en la divulgación de ciencia”, en Brumme, Jenny (ed.), La historia de los lenguajes iberorrománicos de especialidad. La divulgación de ciencia, Frankfurt am Main/Madrid: Instituto Universitario de Lingüistica Aplicada, Universitat Pompeu Fabra y Vervuert, Iberoamericana, pp. 17-42.

Ciapuscio, Guiomar (2003a): “Metáforas y ciencia”, en Ciencia Hoy, 13 (76) (agosto-setiembre): 60-66.

Ciapuscio, Guiomar (2003b): “Formulation and reformulation procedures in verbal interaction between experts and (semi)laypersons”, Discourse Studies, 5 (2): 207-233.

Ciapuscio, Guiomar (2005): “Las metáforas en la creación y recontextualización de las ciencias”, Signo y Seña, 14, Comunicación científico-académica: 183-213.

Ciapuscio, Guiomar (2006): “Las metáforas en la investigación y en la educación lingüistica”, Actas de las III Jornadas Internacionales de Educación Lingüistica, Concordia, Entre Ríos, 10, 11 y 12 de agosto de 2006.

Fourez, Gerard (1994): Alfabetización científica y tecnológica, Buenos Aires: Ediciones Colihue.

Fox Keller, Evelyn (1996): “El lenguaje de la genética y su influencia en la investigación”, Quark. Ciencia, Medicina, Comunicación y Cultura, 4: 53-63.

Goatly, Andrew (1993): “Metaphors in written and spoken varieties”, en Ghadessy, Mohsen (ed.), Register Analysis: Theory and Practice, London/New York: Pinter Publishers, pp. 110-148.

Gülich, Elisabeth (2003): “Conversational Techniques used in transferring knowledge between medical experts and non-experts”, Discourse Studies, 5(2): 234-258.

Gusfield, Joseph (1976): “The Literary Rhetoric of Science: Comedy and Pathos in Drinking Driver Research”, American Sociological Review, 41: 16-34. doi:10.2307/2094370

Haack, Susan (1998): “Dry Truth and Real Knowledge” en Haack, Susan, Epistemologies of Metaphor and Metaphors of Epistemology. Manifesto of a Passionate Moderate, Chicago/London: The University of Chicago Press, pp. 69-89.

Hall, Christopher, Sarangi, Srikant et al. (1999): “Speech representation in Social Work Discourse”, Text, 19 (4): 539-570. doi:10.1515/text.1.1999.19.4.539

Jacobi, Daniel (1984): “Du discours scientifique, de sa reformulation et de quelques usages sociaux de la science”, Langue Française, 64: 37-51.

Kretzenbacher, Heinz L. (1995): “Wie durchsichtig ist die Sprache der Wissenschaft?”, en Kretzenbacher, Heinz L. y Harald Weinrich (eds.), Linguistik der Wissenschaftssprache, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, pp. 15-39.

Knudsen, Susanne (2003): “Scientific metaphors going public”, Journal of Pragmatics, 35: 1247-1263. doi:10.1016/S0378-2166(02)00187-X

Lakoff, George (1987): Women, Fire, and Dangerous Things, Chicago/London: The University of Chicago Press.

Lakoff, George y Mark Johnson (1991): Metáforas de la vida cotidiana, Madrid: Cátedra (1.ª edición en inglés, 1980).

Lakoff, George y Mark Johnson (1999): Philosophy in the Flesh. The embodied mind and its challenge to western thought, New York: Basic Books.

Miller, George A. (1979): “Images and Models, Similes and Metaphors”, en Ortony, Andrew (ed.), Metaphor and Thought, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 202-250.

Otabe, Tanehisa (1995): “From ‘Clothing’ to ‘Organ of Reason’: An Essay on the Theories of Metaphor in German Philosophy in the Age of Enlightenment”, en Radman, Zdravko (ed.), From a Metaphorical Point of View. A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Cognitive Content of Metaphor, Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter, pp. 7-25.

Prelli, Lawrence J. (1989): A Rhetoric of Science. Inventing Scientific Discourse, Columbia: University of South Carolina Press.

Radman, Zdravko (1995): “Introduction”, en Radman, Zdravko (ed.), From a Metaphorical Point of View, Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter, pp. 1-4.

Wee, Lionel (2005): “Constructing the source: metaphor as discourse strategy”, Discourse Studies, 7 (3): 363-384. doi:10.1177/1461445605052191

Weinrich, Harald (1995): “Wissenschaftssprache, Sprachkultur und die Einheit der Wissenschaften”, en Kretzenbacher, Heinz L. y Harald Weinrich (eds.), Linguistik der Wissenschaftssprache, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, pp. 155-174.

Weinrich, Harald (1989): “Formen der Wissenschaftssprache”, Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Jahrbuch 1988, Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter, pp. 119-158.